1. Recognize and describe clinical problems of the kidney and urinary tract, water-electrolyte metabolism, acid-base homeostasis and hypertension.
2. Enrich the skills of history taking and physical examination related to the above clinical problems.
3. Enrich the urinalysis techniques and its interpretation.
4. Interpret other laboratory tests including radiography useful in the assessment of renal problems with understanding of their limits.
5. Formulate conservative management plans for acute and chronic renal failure, with emphasis on nutritional management.
6. Enunciate indications for dialysis (hemo and peritoneal) in acute and chronic renal failure.
7. Modify the use of drugs in renal failure.
8. Formulate diagnostic and therapeutic plans for hypertension in outpatient and inpatient setting.
9. State cost-effectiveness and risks/benefits of common diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
10. Enunciate preventive measures in renal disease and hypertension.
11. Discuss ethical issues as relevant to circumstances of the patient with special emphasis in situations involving life sustaining therapies like dialysis.